Air travel involves a balance of rights and responsibilities for both passengers and airlines. To ensure a smooth and fair experience, travelers need to understand their entitlements and obligations.

This guide provides a detailed, point-by-point explanation of passenger rights and responsibilities, covering baggage, flight cancellations, delays, denied boarding, and special needs accommodations. By familiarizing themselves with these guidelines, passengers can navigate air travel with confidence and clarity.

Passenger Rights

1. Baggage Rights and Responsibilities

• Right to Transport Baggage: Passengers can bring baggage as per their reservation, including carry-on and checked luggage, within the airline’s size, weight, and quantity limits.
• Excess Baggage: Additional fees apply for baggage exceeding the allowed limits.

• Compensation for Delayed Baggage:

  • 148 SDR for the first day of delay.

  • 60 SDR for each subsequent day, up to a maximum of 1288 SDR.

• Compensation for Lost or Damaged Baggage:

  • Up to 1288 SDR for lost baggage.

  • Up to 1288 SDR for damaged baggage, unless the damage is due to inherent flaws.

• Declaration of High-Value Items: Passengers must declare high-value items in advance to qualify for higher compensation.
• 21-Day Rule: If baggage is missing for 21 days, it is considered lost.

2. Force Majeure

• Airlines’ Obligations: Notify passengers of changes and provide necessary support during extraordinary events.
• Exclusions: Airlines cannot claim force majeure for technical issues, operational errors, or negligence.

• Passenger Rights:

  • Cancel the contract if delays exceed 3 hours for domestic flights or 6 hours for international flights.

  • Receive a full refund without deductions.

3. Flight Cancellations

• Permitted Cancellations: Only for force majeure, safety, or security reasons, supported by GACA reports.

• Passenger Options:

  • Accept alternative flights.

  • Receive compensation if they decline alternatives.

• Compensation Structure:

  • 50% of the ticket value if notified 60-14 days before departure.

  • 75% if notified 14-24 hours before.

  • 150% if notified within 24 hours.

• Discounted Flights: Compensation based on the highest fare in the booked class.

• Limited Flight Airports: Airlines must arrange alternative transportation.

4. Class Downgrades

• Passenger Agreement: If passengers agree to a lower class, airlines must refund the price difference and provide 50% of the difference as compensation.
• Contract Termination: Passengers can cancel the contract and receive a refund plus 200% compensation.

5. Denied Boarding

• Higher Class Availability: Airlines cannot deny boarding if seats are available in a higher class.

• Passenger Rights:

  • Informed of their rights.

  • Offered alternative flights or a refund with 100% compensation.

• Special Needs Passengers: Entitled to 200% compensation if denied boarding.

6. Flight Delays

• Notification: Passengers must be informed of delays at least 45 minutes before departure, with updates every 30 minutes.

• Compensation:

  • 50 SDR for delays of 3-6 hours.

  • 150 SDR for delays over 6 hours.

• Contract Termination: Passengers can cancel the contract for delays exceeding 2 hours, receiving a full refund.

• Extended Delays: Delays over 5 hours are treated as cancellations.

7. Advancing Flights

• Permitted Reasons: Only for safety or security reasons.

• Passenger Options:

  • Accept the new flight.

  • Choose an alternative flight with compensation for delays.

• Contract Termination: If the contract is terminated, the flight is treated as canceled.

8. Tarmac Delays

• Airlines’ Obligations: Provide access to toilets, proper ventilation, food, drinks, and communication options.
• Passenger Rights: After 3 hours, passengers may choose to disembark.

9. Stopovers and Connecting Flights

• Single Journey: Connecting flights are considered a single journey.
• Passenger Information: Airlines must inform passengers of stopovers and the actual carriers for each segment.
• Unannounced Stopovers: Passengers are entitled to 100 SDR compensation per stop.
• Contract Termination: Passengers can cancel their contract for added stopovers, receiving a full refund.
• Security-Related Stops: Exempt from compensation.

10. Passengers with Disabilities and Special Needs

• Disclosure: Passengers must disclose disabilities or special needs during booking.
• Equipment Transport: Airlines must transport necessary equipment free of charge and ensure it arrives with the passenger.
• Wheelchair Delay: An alternative must be provided immediately, with 100 SDR compensation if unavailable.
• Denied Boarding: Entitled to 200% compensation if denied boarding.

11. Care and Support

• Refreshments: Provided after 1 hour of delay.
• Meals: Provided after 3 hours of delay.
• Accommodation: Provided after 6 hours of delay.

Passenger Responsibilities

• Review Terms: Understand the carriage contract before booking.

• Accurate Information: Provide correct contact details during booking.

• Timely Arrival: Arrive at the airport on time and follow airline instructions.

• Travel Documents: Complete all required travel documents.

• Disclosure: Disclose any disabilities or special needs during booking.

• Behavior: Adhere to public decency and safety regulations; avoid disruptive behavior.

This guide ensures that passengers are well-informed about their rights and obligations, fostering a fair and efficient air travel experience for all. By understanding these points, travelers can better navigate their journeys and address any issues that may arise.

India’s budget airline powerhouse, IndiGo, is making bold moves to expand its international presence, with the launch of daily direct flights from Mumbai and Kannur to Fujairah starting May 15. This milestone makes Fujairah IndiGo’s fifth UAE destination and its 41st international route, strengthening the airline’s strategic footprint across the Middle East.

To enhance connectivity beyond Fujairah, IndiGo will also offer dedicated bus services linking Fujairah with Dubai and Sharjah—adding to its existing UAE network that includes Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Ras Al Khaimah, and Sharjah.

“As our 41st international destination and fifth in the UAE, these new flights will further enhance regional connectivity,” said Vinay Malhotra, Head of Global Sales at IndiGo.

Wider Horizons: Dreamliners and Europe-Bound Ambitions
The Fujairah announcement comes as part of a broader international expansion push by the airline. On Friday, IndiGo revealed it is increasing its wide-body fleet by acquiring two additional Boeing 787-9 Dreamliners from Norse Atlantic Airways, adding to an existing damp-lease agreement that already includes four aircraft.

Currently, one Dreamliner (registration LN-FNC) has been flying under IndiGo’s banner since March 1, 2025, with three more set to be deployed later this year. The two newly announced aircraft are expected to join the fleet by early 2026, with the lease potentially extending to 18 months, pending regulatory approval.

These long-haul aircraft will play a pivotal role in IndiGo’s upcoming routes to Europe, including new services to Manchester and Amsterdam Schiphol set to launch in July 2025. The airline will initially operate these routes using Norse aircraft before transitioning to its own fleet of 30 Airbus A350-900s, the first of which is expected in 2027.

With growing momentum in both regional and long-haul markets, IndiGo’s latest moves signal a clear intention: to elevate itself from a domestic leader to a formidable global player.

Riyadh Air is making headlines with its ambitious expansion plans, having recently secured 11 strategic agreements during the Arabian Travel Market (ATM) in Dubai. These partnerships will allow the airline to extend its operations to 125 countries, marking a significant milestone in its growth trajectory.

Collaborations with established entities such as DNATA, Discover the World Momentum, Aviareps, and Satguru Representation Services aim to enhance the airline's global footprint and streamline travel experiences for customers.

Osamah Alnuaiser, Senior Vice President of Marketing and Corporate Communications at Riyadh Air, stated that these agreements reflect the airline's commitment to becoming a true global player. “These partnerships will push the boundaries of travel for our guests and reinforce our determination to offer exceptional service,” he noted.

The focus will be on improving customer experiences across key regions including Europe, Asia, the Middle East, Australasia, and Africa, showcasing the rich hospitality that Saudi Arabia is known for.

In addition to enhancing connectivity, Riyadh Air is also focused on technological innovation. The airline has partnered with Loyalty Juggernaut to develop a next-generation loyalty program, which will utilize advanced analytics to deliver personalized rewards and engagement opportunities for travelers. This initiative is aimed at fostering customer loyalty and enhancing overall satisfaction.

Furthermore, Riyadh Air is working with major travel technology distributors like Amadeus and Sabre to implement cutting-edge retail solutions that will streamline the booking process. These technological advancements are intended to modernize the airline's digital strategy and improve the overall customer journey.

As the airline gears up for its inaugural flight later this year, it plans to connect Riyadh with over 100 international destinations by 2030. This ambitious goal aligns with Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 initiative, which seeks to diversify the economy and significantly boost the tourism sector.

The establishment of Riyadh as a major global aviation hub is expected to attract millions of visitors, contributing to economic growth and positioning the country as a vital player in the international travel market.

In summary, Riyadh Air is poised to transform the landscape of air travel with its extensive partnerships and innovative strategies, reinforcing Saudi Arabia's commitment to becoming a global tourism destination.

Qatar Airways is reportedly preparing to place a substantial order for about 100 widebody aircraft from Boeing, with the possibility of securing options for an additional 100 jets, according to a detailed Bloomberg report. This significant purchase is expected to be officially announced during U.S. President Donald Trump’s upcoming visit to the Middle East, underscoring the deal’s importance both commercially and politically.

The order will primarily feature Boeing’s newest widebody models, including the 777X and 787 Dreamliner, which are designed to enhance long-haul operational efficiency, passenger comfort, and overall fleet modernization.

The Boeing 777X, available in the 777-8 and 777-9 variants, offers seating capacities ranging from approximately 395 to 426 passengers in a typical two-class layout, with impressive ranges of up to 8,745 nautical miles for the 777-8 and 7,285 nautical miles for the 777-9. This aircraft incorporates cutting-edge technology such as advanced aerodynamics, composite wings with folding wingtips, and the latest GE9X engines, resulting in fuel savings and emissions reductions of around 10% compared to previous models.

Additionally, the 777X boasts a wider cabin with larger windows, higher ceilings, and improved cabin pressurization and humidity, all contributing to a more comfortable passenger experience.

Currently, Qatar Airways operates a fleet that includes 64 Boeing 777s and several 787 Dreamliners, both recognized for their spacious interiors, state-of-the-art entertainment systems, and premium business class offerings like the Qsuite. The 787 variants provide business class seats that convert into fully flat beds up to 80 inches long, personal entertainment screens, onboard Wi-Fi, and innovative features such as electronically dimmable windows.

The 777 series accommodates up to 42 business class seats and nearly 400 economy seats, delivering a high level of comfort and amenities for travelers.

This forthcoming order will allow Qatar Airways to phase out older 777s and Airbus A380s, supporting the airline’s ambitious plan to boost its annual passenger capacity from 50 million to 80 million within the next five to six years. By investing in the latest aircraft technology, Qatar Airways aims to maintain its status as a leader in long-haul travel with one of the most modern and efficient fleets worldwide.

If finalized, this deal would represent one of the largest widebody aircraft purchases in recent history and reinforce Boeing’s position in the competitive global aviation market.

Qatar Airways is ramping up its transcontinental reach, unveiling major expansions to its North and South American routes this summer. The airline will boost its service to Toronto, Canada and São Paulo, Brazil in response to surging demand for international travel.

Starting June 19, Toronto will see an increase to five weekly flights, with plans for daily service by winter. Just days later, on June 25, São Paulo frequencies will rise to 17 flights per week, enhancing the airline’s footprint in South America’s largest city.

Thierry Antinori, Qatar Airways’ Chief Commercial Officer, highlighted the strong passenger response since the carrier’s launch at Toronto Pearson Airport in December 2024. “We proudly announce the increase in flights to meet the growing demand for our award-winning travel experience,” Antinori said.

With Toronto emerging as a vital entry point for Canadian travelers, Qatar Airways’ expanded schedule aims to bolster connectivity to Doha and onward destinations, especially ahead of the busy winter season.

In the south, São Paulo’s status as a strategic hub for both business and leisure is being reinforced. “These expansions underscore our commitment to providing seamless global connectivity through Hamad International Airport,” Antinori noted, referencing the Doha-based hub recently crowned World’s Best Airport Shopping by Skytrax 2025.

Travelers will also benefit from continued access to 55 Latin American destinations through the airline’s partnership with LATAM Airlines, offering smooth onward journeys to cities like Buenos Aires, Lima, Santiago de Chile, and Rio de Janeiro.

With its latest boost in flight frequencies, Qatar Airways is positioning itself as a premier bridge between the Middle East and the Americas — just in time for a global summer of travel.

 Emirates is strengthening its footprint in China with the launch of daily non-stop flights to Hangzhou, marking a strategic expansion into one of Eastern China's key economic hubs.

Starting July 30, subject to government approval, the Dubai-based airline will begin servicing Hangzhou daily, bringing its total number of gateways into mainland China to five. The new route adds to Emirates’ existing operations in Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Shenzhen.

With this latest addition, Emirates will operate 49 weekly flights to China — including double daily services to Beijing and Shanghai, and daily flights to Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and now, Hangzhou.

The move comes as Emirates SkyCargo continues to report robust demand from China, currently transporting around 2,000 tons of cargo weekly. The airline confirms that all routes into the country are operating at full capacity, reflecting the strong rebound in freight movement even as passenger traffic has yet to fully recover to pre-pandemic levels.

Beyond cargo, the new Hangzhou service is expected to enhance connectivity for travelers heading to or from Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and South America. The flight schedule is designed to offer smooth two-way connections to 38 destinations in Europe, 22 in Africa, and 11 in the Middle East, including major cities such as Istanbul, Barcelona, Cairo, and Johannesburg.

Earlier this year, Emirates became the first Middle Eastern carrier to launch flights to Shenzhen, underlining its commitment to China’s vast and dynamic aviation market. Industry analysts say this latest expansion signals the airline’s confidence in the long-term potential of Chinese outbound travel — and its determination to be at the forefront of that growth.